Rwanda

Currency: Rwandan franc (RWF)

Timezone: Central Africa Time (UTC+2)

Rwanda is located in east-central Africa, sharing its border with Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. With a population of approximately 13 million, it is one of the smallest countries in Africa. The major ethnic groups are the Hutu, the Tutsi, and the Twa, and the official languages of the country are English, French, Swahili, and Kinyarwanda.

The country has a temperate climate with two rainy seasons, and due to its terrain, it is popularly referred to as “the land of thousand hills” because of its numerous mountains, hills, valleys, and wildlife. Rwanda operates a presidential republic system of government and is administratively divided into four provinces and the City of Kigali, the capital of Rwanda. The economy is largely agrarian, with agriculture accounting for over 60 percent of foreign exports. The country’s major sources of foreign exchange come from Tourism, Coffee, and Tea. The major challenge besetting the country is overpopulation; it is the most densely populated country in Africa. Overpopulation has created the scarcity of fertile land, which is required for agricultural purposes, giving rise to ethnic land tensions.

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Law on Plant Health Protection in Rwanda

Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources, Rwanda

The law addresses issues surrounding importation of plants and plants product into the country. It determines criterias for plant health protection, containing provisions for tackling plant pests and diseases.

Rwanda • 2016 • Agriculture and Rural Development

Ministerial Instructions on State Quarries

Rwanda, Rwanda Mining Board

The instructions set out state quarries along with their locations. The order allows state or state entities and other persons authorized by the state to explore and exploit state quarries. It repeals all prior instructions...

Rwanda • 2016 • Mining

Rural Electrification Strategy

Ministry of Infrastructure, Rwanda

The role played by electricity on the accelerated development of the country is recognised and appreciated by the Rwandan government. The rural electrification strategy is geared towards ensuring Rwanda’s rural households have unhindered access to...

Rwanda • 2016

Law Governing Public Private Partnerships

Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning, Rwanda

“The Law applies to a number of public private partnership arrangements, including: management contract, whereby a Contracting Authority awards a partner the right to manage and perform a specific service with respect to an infrastructure...

Rwanda • 2016 • National Development

Rwanda Live Animals and Meat Export Organization (RAMEO)

Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources, Rwanda

Pursuant to the ministerial order 11 of 2010 determining the requirements for registration of trade unions, associations, and professional organizations; the Rwanda live animals and meat export organization is established for an unlimited period of...

Rwanda • 2016 • Agriculture and Rural Development

Constitution Establishing National Seed Association of Rwanda (NSAR)

Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources, Rwanda

The establishment of the national seed association of Rwanda (NSAR) as a trade union for employers. The association is created as a means for shared interaction and information exchange within the seed industry, as well...

Rwanda • 2016 • Agriculture and Rural Development

Law Establishing Rwanda Association of Professional Environmental Practitioners

Ministry of Environment and Land, Rwanda

The law establishes the Rwanda association of professional environmental practitioners (RAPEP). The association shall have its distinct legal personality, and financial and administrative autonomy. The association shall comprise of all environmental practitioners licensed to operate...

Rwanda • 2016 • Environment and Climate Change

Order Establishing the Kigali Special Economic Zone (KSEZ)

Ministry of Public Service and Labour, Rwanda

The ministerial order by the Prime Minister establishes the Kigali special economic zone (KSEZ). The KSEZ shall consist of both a free trade zone area, and a non free trade zone area. The KSEZ is...

Rwanda • 2016 • Democracy and Governance

Law on Preservation of Air Quality and Prevention of Air Pollution in Rwanda

Ministry of Environment and Land, Rwanda

The law is pursuant to a number of national and international protocols and ratifications on climate change. It determines modalities for preservation of air quality and prevention of air pollution in Rwanda. The Law applies...

Rwanda • 2016 • Environment and Climate Change

Order on Regulations Governing Agrochemicals

Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources, Rwanda

The ministerial order determines the necessary regulations governing agrochemicals in Rwanda. It also sees to the requirements for obtaining business license and fees for registration of agrochemicals. It highlights the list or registered and prohibited...

Rwanda • 2016 • Agriculture and Rural Development

Law Governing Matrimonial Regimes, Donations, and Successions

Ministry of Public Service and Labour, Rwanda

The law governs matrimonial property regimes, donations, and successions within a family and inheritances. The law stipulates that land ownership is transferred by inheritance like any other immovable property. The sharing of land property follows...

Rwanda • 2016 • Justice

Law Establishing the Rwanda Governance Board

Ministry of Public Service and Labour, Rwanda

The law establishes the Rwanda governance board as a public institution enjoying legal personality, administrative and financial autonomy. The institution is independent and shall not receive instructions from any other institution. Among others, its responsibilities...

Rwanda • 2016 • National Development

Order on Registrar of Land Titles

Ministry of Environment and Land, Rwanda

The presidential order determines the functioning and powers of both the chief registrar and ordinary registrar of land titles. It defines a land registrar as a public officer who keeps and updates the land register;...

Rwanda • 2016 • Land, Housing, and Natural Resources

Law Governing Seeds and Plant Varieties in Rwanda

Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources, Rwanda

The law governs seeds and plant varieties in Rwanda. It explicitly lays out issues related to; plant variety evaluation, certification, and registration, quality seed production, processing and marketing, importation and exportation of seeds, seed certification,...

Rwanda • 2016 • Agriculture and Rural Development

Law Governing Petroleum Exploration and Production Activities

Ministry of Environment and Land, Rwanda

The law governs all activities relating to petroleum exploration and production in Rwanda. It states clearly that all rights of ownership and control on all lands in Rwanda are vested in the states, without recourse...

Rwanda • 2016 • Environment and Climate Change

Instructions on Exporting Mineral Ore Samples

Rwanda, Rwanda Mining Board

The ministerial instructions defines the types, sizes, and modalities for exportation of mineral ore samples out of Rwanda. The instructions cover all mineral ore samples of metallic and non-metallic forms, industrial minerals and rocks, gems,...

Rwanda • 2016 • Mining

Law Relating to Disaster Management

Ministry of Disaster Management and Refugee Affairs, Rwanda

The law states that the primary responsibility of disaster management in Rwanda falls on the government. It has 16 distinct guiding principles for disaster management situations. The law places premium on people with disabilities in...

Rwanda • 2016 • National Development